Grammar schools are state-funded secondary schools that select pupils by academic ability, and the entrance test is commonly called the 11-plus. They exist only in some parts of England, and the process can feel confusing. This guide explains what the 11-plus is, how it works and how to decide whether to prepare.
What is a grammar school?
A grammar school is a state secondary school that admits children according to a test of academic ability. They are free to attend. A relatively small number of areas have them, and some areas have partially selective schools, which admit a proportion of pupils by ability.
How the 11-plus works
Tests differ between areas and between schools, so always check your own. Common features:
- The test is usually taken in the autumn of Year 6, though timings differ.
- You often must register for the test earlier, sometimes in the summer before.
- Papers commonly include English, maths, verbal reasoning and non-verbal reasoning, though the mix varies.
- Results are generally released before the national secondary application deadline, so that you can decide whether to list a grammar school.
Passing the test is not the end
A pass shows that your child has reached the school's standard. If the school is oversubscribed, it ranks children who qualify, using its criteria or the score. Entry can depend on score ranking, distance or catchment, or other priorities. A pass does not always guarantee an offer.
You also need to complete your normal secondary application through your home local authority, listing the grammar school among your preferences. Some schools also ask for a supplementary form.
Is the 11-plus right for your child?
Selective schools suit some children very well, but not every child. Consider:
- Your child's strengths and temperament. Do they enjoy challenge and cope well with pace?
- The alternatives. Are the non-selective schools in your area strong? A great local school can be better for your child than a pressured selective one.
- Wellbeing. Prepare in a way that keeps the process calm. The test is one measure, not a judgment of your child.
Preparing for the 11-plus
Preparation is optional and views differ on how much is sensible. If you decide to prepare:
- Find out exactly what the test covers. Check the school or consortium website and whether the paper is of a certain type.
- Start with the basics: reading widely, fluent number skills and clear writing.
- Introduce the format gradually. Practice papers help children feel at ease with timings and question styles, particularly reasoning questions that look unfamiliar.
- Keep it proportionate. A little regular practice over time is better than frantic cramming.
- Look after confidence and sleep.
Tutoring and the 11-plus
Many families use a tutor to build core skills and familiarity with question types. A good tutor focuses on understanding, not just drilling, and helps your child enjoy learning. Our primary tutors can support reading, writing, maths and reasoning, and private tutoring with Britannia Crown includes a free first consultation.
Key questions for any grammar school
- What is the admission process and what are the registration and test dates?
- What does a pass mean, and how are places ranked?
- How many places are there, and how many apply?
- What support is there for children who find it hard?
Next steps
Read how school admissions criteria work, check the dates in school admissions in England and find out more about school and nursery placement.